Information dimension and measures with geometric structure
From an analytic perspective, the dimension has played an important in information theory since its inception, mainly in connection with quantization. By partitioning $\Rr^d$ into cubes with vertexes in $\mathbb Z^d/n$, one might quantize a continuous probability measure $\rho$ into a measure $\rho_n$ with countable support, whose entropy satisfies \begin{equation}\label{eq:expansion_law} H(\rho_n) = D\ln n + h + o(1), \end{equation} where $D=d$ and $h=h(\rho)$ is the differential entropy of $\rho$ (Kolmogorov & Shiryayev, 1993). Renyi (Rényi, 1959) turned this into a definition: if $\rho$ is now a general law and the expansion \eqref{eq:expansion_law} holds for some constants $D,h\in \Rr$, one calls $D$ the information dimension of $\rho$ and $h$ its $d$-dimensional entropy. He wondered about the “topological meaning” of the entropic dimension, which might be noninteger.
In (Vigneaux, 2023) I introduced an asymptotic equipartition property for discrete-continuous mixtures or, more generally, of convex combination of rectifiable measures on $\Rr^d$. In particular, it gives an interpretation for the information dimension $D$ of one of these measures $\rho$: the product $(\Rr^d)^n$ naturally splits into strata of different dimensions, and the typical realizations of $\rho^{\otimes n}$ concentrate on strata of a few dimensions close to $nD$. I also obtained volume estimates (in terms of Hausdorff measures) for the typical realizations in each typical stratum. (A measure $\rho$ is $m$-rectifiable if there exists a set $E$, equal to a countable union of $C^1$ manifolds, such that $\rho$ has a density with respect to the restricted HAusdorff measure $\mathcal H^m|_E$, which is the natural notion of $m$-dimensional volume on $E$.)
Presentations:
- “On the entropy of rectifiable and stratified measures” [slides], GSI 2023, Saint Malò, France.
- “Typicality for stratified measures” [slides], ETH Zurich, 2023.
Bibliography
- Kolmogorov, A. N., & Shiryayev, A. N. (1993). Selected Works of A. N. Kolmogorov. Volume III: Information Theory and the Theory of Algorithms. Kluwer Academic Publishers.
- Rényi, A. (1959). On the dimension and entropy of probability distributions. Acta Mathematica Academiae Scientiarum Hungarica, 10(1), 193–215.
- Vigneaux, J. P. (2023). Typicality for stratified measures. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 69(11), 6922–6940.